TABLS DAGGA

タイトルまたは説明

The smaller drum, played with the dominant hand, is sometimes called dayan (literally "right"), dāhina, siddha or chattÅ«, but is correctly called the "tabla." It is made from a conical piece of mostly teak and rosewood hollowed out to approximately half of its total depth. The drum is tuned to a specific note, usually either the tonic, dominant or subdominant of the soloist's key and thus complements the melodadjusted by their vertical positioning. Fine tuning is achieved while striking vertically on the braided portion of the head using a small hammer. The larger drum, played with the other hand, is called bāyāñ (literally "left") or sometimes dagga, duggÄ« or dhāmā. The bāyāñ has a much deeper bass tone, much like its distant cousin, the kettle drum. The bāyāñ may be made of any of a number of materials. Brass is the most common, copper is more expensive, but generally held to be the best, while aluminum andsteel are often found in inexpensive models. One sometimes finds that wood is used, especially in old bāyāñs from the Punjab. Clay is also used, although not favored for durability; these are generally found in the North-East region of Bengal. Both drum shells are covered with a head (or puri) constructed from goat or cow skin. An outer ring of skin (keenar) is overlaid on the main skin and serves to suppress some of the natural overtones. These two skins are bound together with a complex woven braid that gives the assembly enough strength to be tensioned on the shell. The head is affixed to the drum shell with a single cow or camel hide strap laced between the braid of the head assembly and another ring (made from the same strap material) placed on the bottom of the drum. The name of head areas are gajara (rim), chat, maidan and syahi. The head of each drum has a central area called the Syahi (lit. "ink"; a.k.a. shāī or gāb). This is constructed using multiple layers of a paste made from starch (rice or wheat) mixed with a black powder of various origins. The precise construction and shaping of this area is responsible for modification of the drum's natural overtones, resulting in the clarity of pitch (seeinharmonicity) and variety of tonal possibilities unique to this instrument. The skill required for the proper construction of this area is highly refined and is the main differentiating factor in the quality of a particular instrument. Main article: Syahi For stability while playing, each drum is positioned on a toroidal bundle called chutta or guddi, consisting of plant fiber or another malleable material wrapped in cloth. [edit]Tabla Notations Hindustani Classical Music has two standard notation systems as Pt. Bhatkhande and Pt. Paluskar notation system. The same notation system is used for notating Tabla. [edit]Basic Strokes Some basic strokes[4] with dayan on right side and bayan on left side are: Ta: (on dayan) striking sharply with the index finger against the rim Ga: (on bayan) holding wrist down and arching the fingers over the syahi, the middle and ring-fingers then strike the maidan (resonant) Tin: (on dayan) placing the last two fingers of the right hand lightly against the syahi and striking on the border between the syahi and the maidan (resonant) Dha: combination of Ta and Ga Dhin: combination of Tin and Ga Ka: (on bayan) striking with the flat palm and fingers (non resonant) Na: (on dayan) striking the edge of the syahi with the last two fingers of the right hand Ti: (on dayan) striking the center of the syahi with the middle finger Tu: (on dayan) striking the center of the syahi with the index finger (resonant)