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Medical waste, due to its content of hazardous substances, poses serious threats to environmental health. They composed of all types of wastes generated by health care organizations such as hospitals, clinics, physicians' offices, dental offices, veterinary facilities and other medical laboratories and research facilities. This waste is very heterogeneous in nature and often contains some infectious elements, thus it is essential that the handling and disposal of the waste is conducted safely. Medical wastes that can be incinerated include:

• Infectious wastes from hospitals,
• Healthcare wastes from hospitals, clinics and polyclinics,
• Wastes from maternity hospitals,
• Expired drugs,
• Surgery wastes,
• Biomedical wastes,
• Pathological wastes,
• Pharmaceutical wastes.

About *5% of a hospital's waste is general refuse, while the remaining *5% is contaminated with infectious agents (e.g. microbiological cultures, blood and blood products, isolation wastes from patients with communicable diseases, pathological specimens and sharps).

Landfilling as a method of disposal for medical wastes may lead big problems. First of all, there is a demand for large area to landfill the wastes. Moreover, there should be no settlement site near landfill due to its possible hazards to human life. Odor is the first problem that the people living close to landfill area may face with. Additionally, leakage originated in the landfill cause soil and groundwater contamination as well as the surface water contamination.

Unlike other methods of handling such as sterilization or autoclave disinfection, incineration creates much less end-products. After a complete combustion of medical wastes, incineration reduces the weight and volume of the waste as much as *5%. Moreover, above mentioned methods are not suitable for every type of medical wastes, like pathological tissue, chemotherapy waste, and sharps, whereas the incinerator can be used for all types of wastes originated in the healthcare institutions.

Disadvantages of autoclave:

• Requires trained staff for operation,
• HInability to change waste appearance,
• Inability to change waste volume,
• Production of uncharacterized air emissions,
• Unsuitable All Waste Types,
• Load density critical to treatment,
• Ergonomic Concerns,

Medical Waste Incinerators has two combustion chambers. In the main combustion chamber wastes are incinerated in **0 °C with the principle of starved air incineration and the flue gas originated in this chamber is directed to the secondary combustion chamber. In the secondary combustion gases formed during the incineration of wastes in the main combustion chamber are re-burnt at ***0 °C during 2 seconds. Excess air is provided to the secondary combustion chamber to achieve complete combustion of organic content of the waste.

There are two main Regulations for the Medical Waste Incineration Systems in the world; namely, EPA and EU ***0/*6/EC. Åžantes Incinerators can be designed fully in compliance with both of these regulations as well as the local standards.

In order to be fully in compliance with the desired Emission Standards, Åžantes Incineration Systems Includes flue gas treatment units. Flue Gas Treatment in these systems is multi pollutant control approach to remove the hazardous content of combustion gas originated due waste incineration.

 

Animal Waste Incineration Systems

Animal wastes from various sources need to be handle with special care. Santes offers well-suited solutions for specifically designed for your animal wastes. Animal wastes include:

• Poultry animals infected from Bird Flue Disease,
• Farm animals infected from Swine Flue Disease,
• Farm animals infected from Mad Calf Disease,
• Animal Carcasses form Slaughter houses,
• Experimental Animals,
• Poultry animals from farms,
• Pet Crematoriums,
• Animals from zoo.

Animal Carcass Incinerators are designed specially for safe destruction of animal by-products originated from various sources and listed above. Animal by-products (ABPs) are described as animal carcasses, parts of carcasses or products of animal origin that are not intended for human consumption. This includes catering waste, used cooking oil, former foodstuffs, butcher and slaughterhouse waste, blood, feathers, wool, hides and skins, fallen stock, pet animals, zoo and circus animals, hunt trophies, manure, ova, embryos and semen.

Santes Incineration Systems are fully in compliance with the EU Animal By-Products Regulation (EC ***4/***2). Santes Animal Carcass Incinerators are designed in such a way that the gas resulting from the process is raised in a controlled and homogeneous fashion, even under the most unfavorable conditions, to a temperature of **0 oC with 2 second residence time.

For on-farm use, Santes developed Incinerator Systems with the capacity of less than *0 kg/h so that these incinerators are classified as low-capacity range incinerators and exempt from planning permission.

Santes Animal Carcass Incinerators can be manufactured as mobile especially for the applications of incineration of poultry wastes infected from Bird Flue Disease.