Description

Ammonia or azane is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is also a building-block for the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals and is used in many commercial cleaning products. Although in wide use, ammonia is both caustic and hazardous. The global production of ammonia for ***2 is anticipated to be **8 million tonnes, a *5% increase over the estimated ***6 global output of **6.5 million tonnes.Ammonia, as used commercially, is often called anhydrous ammonia.Household ammonia is a solution of NH3 in water (i.e., ammonium hydroxide) used as a general purpose cleaner for many surfaces. Because ammonia results in a relatively streak-free shine, one of its most common uses is to clean glass, porcelain and stainless steel. It is also frequently used for cleaning ovens and soaking items to loosen baked-on grime. Household ammonia ranges in concentration by weight from 5 to *0% ammonia.Because of ammonia's vaporization properties, it is a useful refrigerant?At standard temperature and pressure, ammonia is less dense than atmosphere, and has approximately *0% of the lifting power of hydrogen or helium. Ammonia has sometimes been used to fill weather balloons as a lifting gas.